For clients using the openAPI spec, it would be useful to know which fields are only expected to be in the output and not required to be set in the input.
We can use the OUTPUT_ONLY field_behaviour flag to annotate these types of fields.

For example, by setting the field behaviour to OUTPUT_ONLY on the project field, the typescipt generated field is readonly.

message Provider {
    // ...
    string project = 2 [(google.api.field_behavior) = OUTPUT_ONLY];
}

becomes:

export type v1Provider = {
    readonly project?: string;
}

We currently determine if a field is output-only by putting a comment on top of the field. For example:

This task involves finding all the fields that are documented as output-only and setting the field_behaviour flag on them.