Build failure on armv7l/Linux - ValueError: Platform directory not found: artifacts/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

[johaboeh]

I am trying to install c2pa-python on a Linux Debian based System (Armv7l) using Python 3.13. The installation fails during the Building wheel phase.

I have also tried the instalation with an older Python Interpreter (Python 3.11). But it also falied with the same Error.

Log Output:

pip install c2pa-python
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting c2pa-python
  Using cached c2pa_python-0.28.0.tar.gz (63 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Collecting wheel>=0.41.2 (from c2pa-python)
  Using cached wheel-0.46.3-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.4 kB)
Collecting setuptools>=68.0.0 (from c2pa-python)
  Using cached setuptools-80.10.2-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (6.6 kB)
Collecting toml>=0.10.2 (from c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/toml/toml-0.10.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (16 kB)
Collecting pytest>=7.4.0 (from c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/pytest/pytest-9.0.2-py3-none-any.whl (374 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: cryptography>=41.0.0 in ./.virtualenvs/bachelor-projekt/lib/python3.11/site-packages (from c2pa-python) (46.0.4)
Collecting requests>=2.0.0 (from c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/requests/requests-2.32.5-py3-none-any.whl (64 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: cffi>=2.0.0 in ./.virtualenvs/bachelor-projekt/lib/python3.11/site-packages (from cryptography>=41.0.0->c2pa-python) (2.0.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in ./.virtualenvs/bachelor-projekt/lib/python3.11/site-packages (from cffi>=2.0.0->cryptography>=41.0.0->c2pa-python) (3.0)
Collecting iniconfig>=1.0.1 (from pytest>=7.4.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/iniconfig/iniconfig-2.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (7.5 kB)
Collecting packaging>=22 (from pytest>=7.4.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached packaging-26.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.3 kB)
Collecting pluggy<2,>=1.5 (from pytest>=7.4.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/pluggy/pluggy-1.6.0-py3-none-any.whl (20 kB)
Collecting pygments>=2.7.2 (from pytest>=7.4.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/pygments/pygments-2.19.2-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
Collecting charset_normalizer<4,>=2 (from requests>=2.0.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached charset_normalizer-3.4.4-cp311-cp311-manylinux2014_armv7l.manylinux_2_17_armv7l.manylinux_2_31_armv7l.whl.metadata (37 kB)
Collecting idna<4,>=2.5 (from requests>=2.0.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/idna/idna-3.11-py3-none-any.whl (71 kB)
Collecting urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 (from requests>=2.0.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/urllib3/urllib3-2.6.3-py3-none-any.whl (131 kB)
Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 (from requests>=2.0.0->c2pa-python)
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/certifi/certifi-2026.1.4-py3-none-any.whl (152 kB)
Using cached packaging-26.0-py3-none-any.whl (74 kB)
Using cached charset_normalizer-3.4.4-cp311-cp311-manylinux2014_armv7l.manylinux_2_17_armv7l.manylinux_2_31_armv7l.whl (142 kB)
Using cached setuptools-80.10.2-py3-none-any.whl (1.1 MB)
Using cached wheel-0.46.3-py3-none-any.whl (30 kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: c2pa-python
  Building wheel for c2pa-python (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for c2pa-python (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [26 lines of output]
      Building wheel for target platform: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
      Warning: No libraries found for platform x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
      Available platforms:
      Warning: Artifacts directory not found: artifacts
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/home/admin/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 389, in <module>
          main()
        File "/home/admin/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 373, in main
          json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/home/admin/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 280, in build_wheel
          return _build_backend().build_wheel(
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-iyzw1op9/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 439, in build_wheel
          return _build(['bdist_wheel', '--dist-info-dir', str(metadata_directory)])
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-iyzw1op9/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 427, in _build
          return self._build_with_temp_dir(
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-iyzw1op9/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 408, in _build_with_temp_dir
          self.run_setup()
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-iyzw1op9/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 317, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 204, in <module>
        File "<string>", line 130, in copy_platform_libraries
      ValueError: Platform directory not found: artifacts/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for c2pa-python
Failed to build c2pa-python
error: failed-wheel-build-for-install

× Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects
╰─> c2pa-python

[tmathern]

Can you shared the exact OS version you are using? (Which Debian?).

[johaboeh]

Can you shared the exact OS version you are using? (Which Debian?).

I was using Raspberry Pi OS (32-bit) which is a port of Debian 13 (trixie) with Kernel version 6.12 on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model v1.2. I found out that the issue probably was that there is no precompiled c2pa rust binary for the armv7l (32-bit) architecture. So i switched to a newer Raspberry Pi 4 Model B with an armv8 (64-bit) architecture and used the 64-bit Version of the Raspberry Pi OS. Then the installation went through without any problem, because it could download the precompiled c2pa rust binary for that architecture.

[tmathern]

there is no precompiled c2pa rust binary for the armv7l That suspicion is correct. We don't have those arm builds at time of writing.

[tmathern]

For the arm7/32 bits case: One option is to try to build c2pa-rs yourself on that machine. De factor it would create compatible pre-built libraries. Then, the trick would be to drop that library in the Python wheel under the Linux generic name (wheels are mostly fancy zips).

[scouten-adobe]

Closing for lack of activity. If this is still an issue, please provide the info that @tmathern was requesting and reopen.